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Birth:          ABT  940 
Death:          10 Jul  994 

Notes
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leopold_I,_Margrave_of_Austria
Leopold I (also Luitpold; c.?940 – 10 July 994), known as the Illustrious (German: der 
Erlauchte), a member of the House of Babenberg, was Margrave of Austria from 976 
until his death.[1] He was the first margrave of the Babenberg dynasty which ruled of 
the March and Duchy of Austria until its extinction in 1246.
Life[edit]

The origins of Leopold the Illustrious are not known. According to early traditions, 
documented by Bishop Otto of Freising in the twelfth century, he is descended from 
Duke Henry of Franconia and the Elder Babenberg family (Popponids) whose 
genealogy is documented in Franconia Nobility.[2] According to some sources, his 
father Berthold was count in the Nordgau, the region north of Ratisbon (Regensburg) 
in the Duchy of Bavaria.[1] A more recent theory identifies Leopold as a younger son 
of Duke Arnulf of Bavaria[3] and brother (or nephew) of Count Berthold of 
Schweinfurt. While his ancestry remains disputed, some affiliation with the ducal 
Luitpoldings dynasty is probable.
Leopold is first mentioned in a document issued by Emperor Otto I on 13 February 962 
as Liupo, count of the Bavarian Donaugau region near Ratisbon,[4] count of the 
Traungau region,[1] and a faithful follower of the emperor.[5] After Otto I had defeated 
the Magyars in the 955 Battle of Lechfeld, he re-established the Bavarian Marcha 
orientalis (Eastern March) in the conquered territories, placing them under the 
command of Margrave Burkhard,[1] a brother-in-law of Duchess Judith, consort of 
Duke Henry II of Bavaria. When Burkhard joined the uprising of Duke Henry II ("the 
Wrangler") against Emperor Otto II, he was deposed at the Imperial Diet of Ratisbon in 
976. According to a charter dated 21 July 976, loyal Leopold was appointed margrave 
of the Marcha orientalis, the core territory of the later Archduchy of Austria.[6]

The resettlement of the east was a slow process that centered from the fortress of 
Pöchlarn down the Danube river. Leopold's margraviate originally coincided with the 
present-day Wachau valley, and whose eastern boundary was the Traisen river near 
Sankt Pölten east of Krems.[7] With the Magyar threat largely reduced following their 
defeat in 955, Leopold focused on securing his holdings from internal threats and 
dissensions.[7] In 984, he engaged in the reduction of the fortress at Melk, which was 
still controlled by supporters of the late margrave.[7] Once Melk was secured, Leopold 
most likely used it as his residence,[7] founding a monastery there for twelve secular 
priests.[1] By 987, Leopold extended the boundary of his margraviate to the east as 
far as the Wienerwald mountain range[8] and by 991, jointly with reinstated Duke 
Henry II of Bavaria, further down to the Fischa river .

In 994, Leopold travelled to Würzburg to mediate a dispute between his cousin 
Margrave Henry of Schweinfurt and the Würzburg bishop Bernward von Rothenburg, 
one of whose knights Henry had seized and blinded.[9][10] At a tournament held on 8 
July, Leopold was hit in the eye by an arrow directed at his cousin. Two days later, on 
10 July 994, he died from his injuries.[1][9][10][11] He was buried in Würzburg.[10] In 
1015, his son Duke Ernest I of Swabia, was buried next to his father.[10] In the 
thirteenth century, their remains were returned to Melk Abbey.[8]

Historiography[edit]

Leopold ruled over the re-established Marcha orientalis for eighteen years. He 
organized and expanded it with great ability, and left behind a margravate that had 
assumed the character of "an ordered and civilized land".[9] The chronicler Thietmar 
wrote that no man was wiser that he in all his actions, or of a worthier nature.[12] 
Perhaps the highest testimony to Leopold's life and reputation came from the actions 
of Emperor Otto III, who immediately invested his son Henry I with his father's 
margravate.[9]

Although Leopold is not mentioned in the Babenberger Chronicle written by his 
descendant Otto of Freising—which only starts with Leopold's grandson Adalbert—he is 
known today as the progenitor of the Babenberg dynasty. Otto of Freising's claim of 
ancestry to the Franconian Babenbergs, who are remembered for the Babenberger 
insurgency of the early tenth century, has not been proven, but cannot be completely 
ruled out.

In 1976, the millennial anniversary of Leopold's appointment as margrave was 
celebrated as a "Thousand Years of Austria". Celebrations under the same title were 
held twenty years later at the anniversary of the famous 996 Ostarrîchi document first 
mentioning the Old German name of Austria.

Marriage[edit]

Leopold married Richardis, the daughter of Count Ernest IV of Sualafeldgau 
(according to other sources of the Ezzonid count Erenfried II) and probably the aunt of 
Duke Adalbero of Carinthia.[13] Their marriage produced eight children:[2]
1.Henry I (died 1018), second Margrave of Austria
2.Judith
3.Ernest I (died 1015), Duke of Swabia
4.Adalbert (985–1055), third Margrave of Austria
5.Poppo (986–1047), Archbishop of Trier
6.Kunigunda
7.Hemma, married Count Rapoto of Dießen
8.Christina, a nun at Trier


Marriage To OF SUALAFELDGAU Richardis (ABT  947 -  994)
    m.  

Notes

Parents
OF SUALAFELDGAU Ernst IV ()
----- ----- ()

Children by OF SUALAFELDGAU Richardis ABT  947 -  994
____ Adalbert (Adelbert) "the Victorious" (ABT  985 - 26 May 1055)

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